The US government has released controversial new health recommendations on autism prevention and treatment in children, including discouraging pregnant women from taking paracetamol (acetaminophen/Tylenol) and promoting the use of leucovorin to treat speech difficulties in autistic children.
Leucovorin is a folic acid derivative (a B vitamin), typically obtained from legumes, citrus fruits, and fortified grains. It is primarily used in cancer treatment, enhancing the effects of fluorouracil and reducing the toxicity of methotrexate.
The proposal stems from theories linking cerebral folate deficiency to autism. Children with the condition often develop speech difficulties, seizures, and intellectual disability around the same age autism symptoms typically appear.
A 2021 review of 21 studies suggested leucovorin could improve autism symptoms, but evidence was inconclusive. A 2024 US clinical trial with 80 children showed positive effects, while a 2025 Chinese study reported improvements in “social reciprocity.” Still, experts caution the studies are too small to alter medical practice.
Leucovorin can cause side effects such as allergic reactions, seizures, and nausea. While the FDA now permits its use for autism, experts stress the need for larger trials. Evidence-based practices remain the global standard until further proof emerges.
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